Android支持RTL(从右向左)语言-CFANZ编程社区

RTL语言

RTL语言即Right-to-left(从右向左)的语言.其书写习惯为从右向左,朝左继续.
这里的RTL严格意义上指的是Right-to-left,top-to-bottom 从右向左,从上到下. 而汉语,日语以及朝鲜语中存在Top-to-bottom, right-to-left从上到下,从右向左的情况. 但是这些语言大多数使用从左向右的情况.
常见的RTL语言有阿拉伯语,希伯来语等.
LTR语言和RTL语言刚好相反,即我们常见的Left-to-right,Top-to-bottom,从左向右,从上到下,朝右继续.这种语言很常见, 代表语言为英语等.
双向文本( Bi-Directional Text),即RTL文本和LTR文本混合的情况.比较复杂.

Android对RTL支持情况

Android 4.1 Jelly Bean,引入了有限的在TextView和EditText支持RTL和LTR混合的双向文本的支持.
从Android 4.2 开始,提供了全面的本地布局支持,允许镜像布局,可以同时支持RTL和LTR.

如何支持RTL

快速应用RTL镜像布局

在manifest中的Application元素加入android:supportsRtl=“true”这个属性.

未加入android:supportsRtl=“true” 阿拉伯语(RTL)的示例.

Android支持RTL(从右向左)语言_ide

加入该属性的英文(LTR)语言效果.

Android支持RTL(从右向左)语言_android_02

加入该属性的阿拉伯语(RTL)语言效果.

Android支持RTL(从右向左)语言_xml_03

将所有的左右(left/right)布局属性替换成开始结束(start/end)属性. 如下述代码,使用paddingLeft

<TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/tvOne" android:paddingLeft="100dp" android:background="#ccefc8" android:text="@string/share" />

阿拉伯语下的效果图为

Android支持RTL(从右向左)语言_xml_04

如上面所说,RTL语言是以右作为开始,所以paddingLeft明显不符合规则. 那我们使用paddingStart看一下.

<TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/tvOne" android:paddingStart="100dp" android:background="#ccefc8" android:text="@string/share" />

上述代码在阿拉伯语下的效果图:

Android支持RTL(从右向左)语言_xml_05

高级处理

android:layoutDirection 设置组件的布局方向
android:textDirection 设置组件文字的方向
android:textAlignment 设置组件文字的对齐
getLayoutDirectionFromLocale() 获取指定Locale的方向
创建单独的资源文件夹,以’ldrtl’(layout direction right-to-left)为后缀.如layout_ldrtl
使用Hierarchy Viewer来查看View的start/end属性,layoutDirection,textDirection,textAlignment属性.

贴代码

manifest

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.rtldemo" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="19" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" android:supportsRtl="true" > <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.MULTIWINDOW_LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.rtldemo"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="19" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
         >
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
              <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
              <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
              <category android:name="android.intent.category.MULTIWINDOW_LAUNCHER" />
          </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.rtldemo; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Locale; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.text.TextUtils; import android.util.Log; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private static final String LOGTAG = "MainActivity"; @SuppressLint("NewApi") @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main_layout); ListView listView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lvOne); int layoutDirection = TextUtils.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(Locale.getDefault()); Log.i(LOGTAG, "onCreate layoutDirection=" + layoutDirection); TestAdapter adapter = new TestAdapter(); adapter.mData.add(getResources().getString(R.string.share)); adapter.mData.add(getResources().getString(R.string.share)); listView.setAdapter(adapter); } class TestAdapter extends BaseAdapter { ArrayList<String> mData = new ArrayList<String>(); @Override public int getCount() { return mData.size(); } @Override public String getItem(int position) { return mData.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { View view = null; view = LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.listview_item, null); ImageView imgView = (ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.itemImageView); imgView.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher); TextView textView = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.itemTextView); textView.setText(mData.get(position)); return view; } } }

package com.example.rtldemo;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Locale;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

  private static final String LOGTAG = "MainActivity";

  @SuppressLint("NewApi")
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      setContentView(R.layout.main_layout);
      ListView listView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lvOne);
      
      int layoutDirection = TextUtils.getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(Locale.getDefault());
      Log.i(LOGTAG, "onCreate layoutDirection=" + layoutDirection);
      TestAdapter adapter = new TestAdapter();
      adapter.mData.add(getResources().getString(R.string.share));
      adapter.mData.add(getResources().getString(R.string.share));
      listView.setAdapter(adapter);
      
  }
  
  class TestAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
      ArrayList<String> mData = new ArrayList<String>();
      @Override
      public int getCount() {
          return mData.size();
      }

      @Override
      public String getItem(int position) {
          return mData.get(position);
      }

      @Override
      public long getItemId(int position) {
          return position;
      }

      @Override
      public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
          View view = null;
          view = LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.listview_item, null);
          ImageView imgView = (ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.itemImageView);
          imgView.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
          TextView textView = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.itemTextView);
          textView.setText(mData.get(position));
          return view;
      }
      
  }
}

main_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:id="@+id/btnOne" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/share" /> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/tvOne" android:paddingStart="100dp" android:background="#ccefc8" android:text="@string/share" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/etOne" android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" > <CheckBox android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="100dp" /> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="100dp" android:text="@string/share" /> </LinearLayout> <ListView android:id="@+id/lvOne" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" ></ListView> </LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnOne"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/share"
        />

      <TextView
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:id="@+id/tvOne"
      android:paddingStart="100dp"
      android:background="#ccefc8"
      android:text="@string/share"
      />
  
  <EditText
      android:id="@+id/etOne"
      android:layout_width="100dp"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      />
  
  <LinearLayout
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:orientation="horizontal"
      >
      <CheckBox
          android:layout_width="100dp"
          android:layout_height="100dp"
          />
      <TextView
          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
          android:layout_height="100dp"
          android:text="@string/share"
          />
  </LinearLayout>
  
  <ListView
      android:id="@+id/lvOne"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      ></ListView>
  

</LinearLayout>

listview_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="horizontal" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/itemImageView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/itemTextView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >
  <ImageView
      android:id="@+id/itemImageView"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      />
  
  <TextView
      android:id="@+id/itemTextView"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      />

</LinearLayout>

Demo下载

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eQvL0MA