1.第一种

使用@ResponseStatus注解

先定义一个异常类

@ResponseStatus(code=HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,reason="111")
public class ServerException extends Exception {

}

然后往出抛异常别捕获

@RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getUser(@RequestParam String userName) throws ServerException{
 if(StringUtils.isEmpty(userName)){
 throw new ServerException();
 }
 return "im zhangsan";
}

这样请求如果触发这个抛出的异常,就会返回自定义的状态码