启动容器的时候加上“--add-host”把hosts配置上

docker run --add-host=www.baidu.com:127.0.0.1 xxx -it /bin/bash

通过 docker-compose.yaml 文件启动

php:
  container_name: "php72"
  hostname: "php72"
  image: "php:7"
  extra_hosts:
    - "www.baidu.com:127.0.0.1"  
    - "www.google.com:127.0.0.1"