目录
题外话
顺序表和链表优缺点以及特点
一.栈的特点
(1)先进后出
(2)栈不能任意打印,栈只能访问栈顶
(3)栈只能尾插头删
二. 栈的操作
2.1初始化
void STInit(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	pst->a = NULL;
	pst->top = -1;
	pst->capacity = 0;
}2.2 栈的销毁
2.3 栈的插入
}
//插入
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x) 
{
	assert(pst);
	if (pst->top == pst->capacity-1)
	{
		int newcapacity = pst->capacity == 0 ? 4 : pst->capacity * 2;
		STDataType* tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->a, sizeof(STDataType) * newcapacity);
		if (tmp == NULL) 
		{
			perror("realloc fail");
			return;
		}
		pst->a = tmp;
		pst->capacity = newcapacity;
	}
	pst->top++;
	pst->a[pst->top] = x;
}
2.3 输出top

注意:
由于栈的特性,只能先进先出,尾插头删,不能任意输出,所以我们只能输出头。
void STTop(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	assert(pst->top >= -1);
	return pst->a[pst->top];
}2.4 栈的删除
//删除
void STPop(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	assert(pst->top>=-1);
	pst->top--;

2.5 输出栈
while (STEmpty(&st) != true) {
	printf("%d ", STTop(&st));
	STPop(&st);
} 
栈的完整代码
#pragma once
#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
typedef int STDataType;
typedef struct STack
{
	STDataType* a;	//数值的指针是下标
	int top;
	int capacity;
}ST;
void STInit(ST* pst);
void STDestory(ST* pst);
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x);
void STPop(ST* pst);
bool STEmpty(ST* pst);
int STSize(ST* pst);
STDataType STTop(ST* pst);
#include"Stack.h"
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void STInit(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	pst->a = NULL;
	pst->top = -1;
	pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STDestory(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	free(pst->a);
	pst->a = NULL;
	pst->top = -1;
	pst->capacity = 0;
	
}
//插入
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x) 
{
	assert(pst);
	if (pst->top == pst->capacity-1)
	{
		int newcapacity = pst->capacity == 0 ? 4 : pst->capacity * 2;
		STDataType* tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->a, sizeof(STDataType) * newcapacity);
		if (tmp == NULL) 
		{
			perror("realloc fail");
			return;
		}
		pst->a = tmp;
		pst->capacity = newcapacity;
	}
	pst->top++;
	pst->a[pst->top] = x;
}
//输出头结点
STDataType STTop(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	assert(pst->top >= -1);
	return pst->a[pst->top];
}
//删除
void STPop(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	assert(pst->top>=-1);
	pst->top--;
}
bool STEmpty(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	if (pst->top == -1) {
		return true;
	}
	else {
		return false;
	}
}
int STSize(ST* pst) 
{
	assert(pst);
	return pst->top;
}
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include"Stack.h"
void Test1() {
	ST st;
	STInit(&st);
	STPush(&st, 1);
	STPush(&st, 2);
	STPush(&st, 3);
	STPush(&st, 4);
	printf("%d\n", STTop(&st));
	STPop(&st);
	printf("%d\n", STTop(&st));
	while (STEmpty(&st) != true) {
		printf("%d ", STTop(&st));
		STPop(&st);
	}
		
}
int main() 
{
	Test1();
	return 0;
}









