Ubuntu下使用C++编程连接MySQL

(目录)

Ubuntu：22.04 LTS MySQL：8.0

一、安装MySQL

$sudo apt update 
$sudo apt install -y  mysql-server
$sudo systemctl status mysql.service

$sudo mysql -uroot
>alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
>update user set host='%' where user= 'root';
>grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';
>flush privileges;

二、安装C++的支持库

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
dpkg -L libmysqlclient-dev

三、连接MySQL的代码示例

测试代码main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <mysql/mysql.h>

using namespace std;

// sql_create 创建数据库
void sql_create() 
{   
    MYSQL mysql;
    mysql_init(
    if (!mysql_real_connect(&mysql, localhost, root, 123456, 0, 3306,
      NULL, 0)) 
    {
        cout << mysql connect error:  << mysql_error(&mysql) <<  
           << mysql_errno(&mysql) << endl;
    }

    string str = create database school;;
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());

    str = alter database school charset=utf8mb4;;
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());
  
    str = create table school.students(id int(10) primary key auto_increment, name varchar(20) not null, age int(3) not null);;
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());

    mysql_close(
}

// sql_add 增加数据
void sql_add() 
{
    MYSQL mysql;
    mysql_init(
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_SET_CHARSET_NAME, utf8mb4);
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_INIT_COMMAND, SET NAMES utf8mb4);

    if (!mysql_real_connect(&mysql, localhost, root, 123456, school, 3306,
                          NULL, 0)) 
    {
        cout << mysql connect error:  << mysql_error(&mysql) <<  
             << mysql_errno(
    }

    string str = insert into students(id, name, age) values(null, \'黄飞鸿\', 30);
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());
    str = insert into students(id, name, age) values(null, \'十三姨\', 28);
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());
    str = insert into students(id, name, age) values(null, \'王武\', 33);
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());
    str = insert into students(id, name, age) values(null, \'苏查擦耳灿\', 29);
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());
    str = insert into students(id, name, age) values(null, \'赵君竹\', 30);
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());

    mysql_close(
}

// sql_modify 修改数据
void sql_modify() 
{
    MYSQL mysql;
    mysql_init(
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_SET_CHARSET_NAME, utf8mb4);
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_INIT_COMMAND, SET NAMES utf8mb4);

    if (!mysql_real_connect(&mysql, localhost, root, 123456, school, 3306,
                            NULL, 0)) {
        cout << mysql connect error:  << mysql_error(&mysql) <<  
          << mysql_errno(
    }

    string str = update students set age = 35 where name = \'王武\';
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());

    mysql_close(
}

/// sql_delete 删除数据
void sql_delete() 
{
    MYSQL mysql;
    mysql_init(
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_SET_CHARSET_NAME, utf8mb4);
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_INIT_COMMAND, SET NAMES utf8mb4);

    if (!mysql_real_connect(&mysql, localhost, root, 123456, school, 3306,
                            NULL, 0)) {
        cout << mysql connect error:  << mysql_error(&mysql) <<  
          << mysql_errno(
    }

    string str = delete from students where name = \'苏查擦耳灿\';
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());

    mysql_close(
}

// sql_query 查询数据
void sql_query() 
{
    MYSQL mysql;
    mysql_init(
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_SET_CHARSET_NAME, utf8mb4);
    mysql_options(&mysql, MYSQL_INIT_COMMAND, SET NAMES utf8mb4);

    if (!mysql_real_connect(&mysql, localhost, root, 123456, school, 3306,
                            NULL, 0)) {
        cout << mysql connect error:  << mysql_error(&mysql) <<  
          << mysql_errno(
    }

    string str = select * from students;;
    mysql_real_query(&mysql, str.c_str(), str.size());
    MYSQL_RES *result = mysql_store_result(

    MYSQL_ROW row;
    while (row = mysql_fetch_row(result)) 
    {
        cout << id:  << row[0] <<  name:  << row[1] <<  age:  << row[2]
          << endl;
    }

    mysql_free_result(result);
    mysql_close(
}

int main() 
{
    cout << 创建数据库... << endl;
    sql_create();
    cout << 添加数据... << endl;
    sql_add();
    cout << 查询数据... << endl;
    sql_query();
    cout << 修改数据... << endl;
    sql_modify();
    cout << 查询数据... << endl;
    sql_query();
    cout << 删除数据... << endl;
    sql_delete();
    cout << 查询数据... << endl;
    sql_query();

    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.22)
project(testbed)

file(GLOB SRCS ./*.cpp)
file(GLOB HDRS ./*.h)
add_definitions(-Wall -g)

add_executable(testbed ${SRCS} ${HDRS})
target_link_libraries(testbed -lmysqlclient)