一、整体概念梳理

二、基本知识：用Python和Tkinter设计烟花

基本知识：用Python和Tkinter设计烟花。

为了能初始化Tkinter，我们必须创建一个Tk()根部件（root widget），它是一个窗口，带有标题栏和由窗口管理器提供的其它装饰物。该根部件必须在我们创建其它小部件之前就创建完毕，而且只能有一个根部件。

三、使用Tkinter模拟

numb_explode = randint(6,10)
# 为所有模拟烟花绽放的全部粒子创建一列表
for point in range(numb_explode):
 objects = []
 x_cordi = randint(50,550)
 y_cordi = randint(50, 150)  
 size = uniform (0.5,3)
 color = choice(colors)
 explosion_speed = uniform(0.2, 1)
 total_particles = randint(10,50)
 for i in range(1,total_particles):
  r = part(cv, idx = i, total = total_particles, explosion_speed = explosion_speed, x = x_cordi, y = y_cordi, 
  color=color, size = size, lifespan = uniform(0.6,1.75))
  objects.append(r)
explode_points.append(objects)

total_time = .0
# 在1.8秒时间帧内保持更新
while total_time < 1.8:
 sleep(0.01)
 tnew = time()
 t, dt = tnew, tnew - t
 for point in explode_points:
  for part in point:
   part.update(dt)
 cv.update()
 total_time += dt

if __name__ == '__main__':
 root = tk.Tk()
 cv = tk.Canvas(root, height=600, width=600)
 # 绘制一个黑色背景
 cv.create_rectangle(0, 0, 600, 600, fill="black")
 cv.pack()
 root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", close)
 # 在1秒后才开始调用stimulate()
 root.after(100, simulate, cv)
 root.mainloop()

四、全部代码

import tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from time import time, sleep
from random import choice, uniform, randint
from math import sin, cos, radians
# 模拟重力
GRAVITY = 0.05
# 颜色选项（随机或者按顺序）
colors = ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'white', 'green', 'orange', 'purple', 'seagreen', 'indigo', 'cornflowerblue']
'''
particles 类
粒子在空中随机生成随机，变成一个圈、下坠、消失
属性:
 - id: 粒子的id
 - x, y: 粒子的坐标
 - vx, vy: 在坐标的变化速度
 - total: 总数
 - age: 粒子存在的时长
 - color: 颜色
 - cv: 画布
 - lifespan: 最高存在时长
'''
class Particle:
 def __init__(self, cv, idx, total, explosion_speed, x=0., y=0., vx=0., vy=0., size=2., color='red', lifespan=2,
     **kwargs):
  self.id = idx
  self.x = x
  self.y = y
  self.initial_speed = explosion_speed
  self.vx = vx
  self.vy = vy
  self.total = total
  self.age = 0self.color = color
  self.cv = cv
  self.cid = self.cv.create_oval(
   x - size, y - size, x + size,
   y + size, fill=self.color)
  self.lifespan = lifespan
 def update(self, dt):
  self.age += dt
  # 粒子范围扩大
  if self.alive() and self.expand():
   move_x = cos(radians(self.id * 360 / self.total)) * self.initial_speed
   move_y = sin(radians(self.id * 360 / self.total)) * self.initial_speed
   self.cv.move(self.cid, move_x, move_y)
   self.vx = move_x / (float(dt) * 1000)
  # 以自由落体坠落
  elif self.alive():
   move_x = cos(radians(self.id * 360 / self.total))
   # we technically don't need to update x, y because move will do the job
   self.cv.move(self.cid, self.vx + move_x, self.vy + GRAVITY * dt)
   self.vy += GRAVITY * dt
  # 移除超过最高时长的粒子
  elif self.cid is not None:
   cv.delete(self.cid)
   self.cid = None
 # 扩大的时间
 def expand (self):
  return self.age <= 1.2
 # 粒子是否在最高存在时长内
 def alive(self):
  return self.age <= self.lifespan
'''
循环调用保持不停
'''
def simulate(cv):
 t = time()
 explode_points = []
 wait_time = randint(10, 100)
 numb_explode = randint(6, 10)
 # 创建一个所有粒子同时扩大的二维列表
 for point in range(numb_explode):
  objects = []
  x_cordi = randint(50, 550)
  y_cordi = randint(50, 150)
  speed = uniform(0.5, 1.5)
  size = uniform(0.5, 3)
  color = choice(colors)
  explosion_speed = uniform(0.2, 1)
  total_particles = randint(10, 50)
  for i in range(1, total_particles):
   r = Particle(cv, idx=i, total=total_particles, explosion_speed=explosion_speed, x=x_cordi, y=y_cordi,
       vx=speed, vy=speed, color=color, size=size, lifespan=uniform(0.6, 1.75))
   objects.append(r)
  explode_points.append(objects)
 total_time = .0
 # 1.8s内一直扩大
 while total_time < 1.8:
  sleep(0.01)
  tnew = time()
  t, dt = tnew, tnew - t
  for point in explode_points:
   for item in point:
    item.update(dt)
  cv.update()
  total_time += dt
 # 循环调用
 root.after(wait_time, simulate, cv)
def close(*ignore):
 """退出程序、关闭窗口"""
 global root
 root.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
 root = tk.Tk()
 cv = tk.Canvas(root, height=400, width=600)
 # 选一个好看的背景会让效果更惊艳！
 image = Image.open("./image.jpg")
 photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
 cv.create_image(0, 0, image=photo, anchor='nw')
 cv.pack()
 root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", close)
 root.after(100, simulate, cv)
 root.mainloop()