搭建web服务器

本次实验使用虚拟主机的方式搭建web服务器

一、 环境准备

1、 实验拓扑

2、 设备说明

3、 IP地址规划

3.1 配置web服务器IP地址

[root@web_server ~]# nmcli connection add con-name eth1_ip ifname eth1 ipv4.addresses 172.16.10.1/24 +ipv4.addresses 172.16.20.1/24 ipv4.method manual type ethernet
[root@web_server ~]# nmcli connection up eth1_ip

# 附带一个ansible脚本
---
- name: 给网卡配置多个IP地址
  hosts: XXX
  vars:
    network_connections:
    - name: eth1_ip
      state: up
      type: ethernet
      interface_name: eth1
      ip:
        address:
          - 172.16.10.1/24
          - 172.16.20.1/24

  tasks:
    - name: 配置IP地址
      include_role:
        name: rhel-system-roles.network

3.2 配置win10客户端IP地址

4、虚拟主机规划

二、 实验

1、安装软件包

[root@web_server ~]# yum -y install httpd

2、 放行防火墙

[root@web_server ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent 
[root@web_server ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

3、 虚拟主机（端口号）

通过访问不同主机的ip地址：端口号，实现虚拟主机的配置

3.1 编辑虚拟机子配置文件

我使用两个默认的80端口和8033端口和8034端口用于创建虚拟主机

[root@web_server /etc/httpd/conf.d]# cat VirtualHost_test.conf 
<VirtualHost 172.16.10.1:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site1/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site1/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
<VirtualHost 172.16.20.1:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site2/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site2/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
Listen 8033
<VirtualHost 172.16.10.1:8033>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site3/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site3/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
Listen 8034
<VirtualHost 172.16.20.1:8034>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site4/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site4/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
# 默认值
<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site6/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site6/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>

3.2 放行防火墙端口

放行对应的8033，8034端口

[root@web_server /etc/httpd/conf.d]# firewall-cmd --add-port=8033-8034/tcp --permanent 
[root@web_server /etc/httpd/conf.d]# firewall-cmd --reload

3.3 创建site目录

[root@web_server ~]# mkdir /home/mmx/site/www

3.4 设置selinux

[root@web_server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/mmx/site/www/
[root@web_server /etc/httpd/conf.d]# for i in {1..6}; do semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/mmx/site/www/site$i; done
[root@web_server /etc/httpd/conf.d]# for i in {1..6}; do semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/mmx/site/www/site$i/index.html; done
[root@web_server ~]# restorecon -Rv /home/mmx/site/www
[root@web_server ~]# semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 8033-8034
[root@web_server ~]# semanage port -l | grep http
http_cache_port_t              tcp      8080, 8118, 8123, 10001-10010
http_cache_port_t              udp      3130
http_port_t                    tcp      8033-8034, 80, 81, 443, 488, 8008, 8009, 8443, 9000
pegasus_http_port_t            tcp      5988
pegasus_https_port_t           tcp      5989

3.4 创建站点文件夹，编辑index.html首页

[root@web_server ~]# mkdir /home/mmx/site/www/site{1..6}
[root@web_server ~]# for i in {1..6}; do echo "this is site$i" > /home/mmx/site/www/site$i/index.html; done

# 查看index.html是否创建完成
[root@web_server ~]# cat /home/mmx/site/site1/index.html 
this is site1
[root@web_server ~]# cat /home/mmx/site/site2/index.html
this is site2
[root@web_server ~]# cat /home/mmx/site/site3/index.html
this is site3
[root@web_server ~]# cat /home/mmx/site/site4/index.html
this is site4
...

3.5 启动httpd服务

[root@web_server ~]# systemctl enable httpd --now 
# 检查服务状况
[root@web_server ~]# systemctl status httpd 
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2023-02-02 01:31:09 CST; 1min 8s ago
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
 Main PID: 1850 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 2; Idle/Busy workers 100/0;Requests/sec: 0.0339; Bytes served/sec:  23>
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 23656)
   Memory: 38.0M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1850 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1852 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1853 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1854 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1855 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Feb 02 01:31:08 web_server systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Feb 02 01:31:09 web_server httpd[1850]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's >
Feb 02 01:31:09 web_server systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Feb 02 01:31:13 web_server httpd[1850]: Server configured, listening on: port 8034, port 8033, por>

3.6 在win10上进行测试

4、 虚拟主机（域名）

1、 编辑虚拟机子配置文件

使用mmx0(1~4).test.com作为虚拟主机的访问域名

[root@web_server /etc/httpd/conf.d]# cat VirtualHost_test.conf 
<VirtualHost 172.16.10.1:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site1/
  ServerName mmx01.test.com
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site1/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
<VirtualHost 172.16.20.1:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site5/
  ServerName mmx02.test.com
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site5/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
<VirtualHost 172.16.20.1:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site2/
  ServerName mmx03.test.com
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site2/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
Listen 8033
<VirtualHost 172.16.10.1:8033>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site3/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site3/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
Listen 8034
<VirtualHost 172.16.20.1:8034>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site4/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site4/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>
# 默认值
<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /home/mmx/site/www/site6/
 <Directory /home/mmx/site/www/site6/>
   Require all granted
 </Directory>
</Virtualhost>

2、 编辑hosts文件

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc/hosts.

3、测试