docker镜像的常用操作

获取镜像

比如说我们可以这样操作

当然把这个镜像拉过来时间非常长。

查看镜像列表

命令：

docker images

说明：

使用docker images命令可以列出本地主机上已有的镜像。

信息含义：来自于哪个仓库、镜像的标签信息、镜像的ID号（唯一）、创建时间、镜像大小。

查看镜像信息

命令：

docker inspect <image_id>

说明：

docker inspect命令返回的是一个JSON的格式消息，如果我们只要其中的一项内容时，可以通过-f参数来指定。Image_id通常可以使用该镜像ID的前若干个字符组成的可区分字符串来替代完成的ID。

[root@mydocker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        8 weeks ago         1.84kB
[root@mydocker ~]# docker inspect 4ab4c602aa5e
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:4ab4c602aa5eed5528a6620ff18a1dc4faef0e1ab3a5eddeddb410714478c67f",
        "RepoTags": [
            "hello-world:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "hello-world@sha256:0add3ace90ecb4adbf7777e9aacf18357296e799f81cabc9fde470971e499788"
        ],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2018-09-07T19:25:39.809797627Z",
        "Container": "15c5544a385127276a51553acb81ed24a9429f9f61d6844db1fa34f46348e420",
        "ContainerConfig": {
            "Hostname": "15c5544a3851",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh",
                "-c",
                "#(nop) ",
                "CMD [\"/hello\"]"
            ],
            "ArgsEscaped": true,
            "Image": "sha256:9a5813f1116c2426ead0a44bbec252bfc5c3d445402cc1442ce9194fc1397027",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {}
        },
        "DockerVersion": "17.06.2-ce",
        "Author": "",
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/hello"
            ],
            "ArgsEscaped": true,
            "Image": "sha256:9a5813f1116c2426ead0a44bbec252bfc5c3d445402cc1442ce9194fc1397027",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": null
        },
        "Architecture": "amd64",
        "Os": "linux",
        "Size": 1840,
        "VirtualSize": 1840,
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "RootDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay/fe94fd635d95b02584613558345722df0ad3b787fb3050be90822e6e51b2bb0b/root"
            },
            "Name": "overlay"
        },
        "RootFS": {
            "Type": "layers",
            "Layers": [
                "sha256:428c97da766c4c13b19088a471de6b622b038f3ae8efa10ec5a37d6d31a2df0b"
            ]
        }
    }
]
[root@mydocker ~]#

[root@mydocker ~]# docker inspect -f {{.Os}} 4ab4c602aa5e
linux
[root@mydocker ~]#

 查找镜像

比如说我们举个例子

删除镜像

[root@mydocker ~]# docker tag 4ab4c602aa5e  gong/study:rest 
[root@mydocker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
gong/study          rest                4ab4c602aa5e        8 weeks ago         1.84kB
hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        8 weeks ago         1.84kB
[root@mydocker ~]#

 还有一种情况，当我们的镜像运行在一个容器中的时候，不能直接删除镜像，可以通过加-f参数强制删除,但是非常不建议这么做！！！！

创建镜像

 我们现在利用ubuntu这个容器创建一个镜像

[root@mydocker ~]# docker commit -a "gong" -m "add test.txt" e2ee7db10156 gong/test  
sha256:d3ae5b7a2ce8c10e39afb074e2dc88c65b124102b214f6b3195dee05e8a67394
[root@mydocker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
gong/test           latest              d3ae5b7a2ce8        21 seconds ago      85.8MB
ubuntu              latest              ea4c82dcd15a        2 weeks ago         85.8MB
hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        8 weeks ago         1.84kB
[root@mydocker ~]#

 迁出镜像

[root@mydocker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
gong/test           latest              d3ae5b7a2ce8        21 seconds ago      85.8MB
ubuntu              latest              ea4c82dcd15a        2 weeks ago         85.8MB
hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        8 weeks ago         1.84kB
[root@mydocker ~]# docker save -o test.tar  d3ae5b7a2ce8
[root@mydocker ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  initial-setup-ks.cfg  test.tar
[root@mydocker ~]#

载入镜像

[root@mydocker ~]# docker load --input test.tar 
Loaded image ID: sha256:d3ae5b7a2ce8c10e39afb074e2dc88c65b124102b214f6b3195dee05e8a67394
[root@mydocker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
gong/test           latest              d3ae5b7a2ce8        11 minutes ago      85.8MB
ubuntu              latest              ea4c82dcd15a        2 weeks ago         85.8MB
hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        8 weeks ago         1.84kB
[root@mydocker ~]#

 下面我对导入的这个镜像认证

[root@mydocker ~]# docker run -ti d3ae5b7a2ce8 bash
root@ff2f56ca3a73:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  test.txt  tmp  usr  var
root@ff2f56ca3a73:/# cat test.txt 
hello world
root@ff2f56ca3a73:/#

上传镜像

 我看可以看到出问题了：denied: requested access to the resource is denied

是因为要改成docker login登录的用户名才可以

我们这样解决