静态链表。

在静态链表中，每一个结点包含两部分内容，一部分是data（即有意义的数据），另一部分是cur（存储该元素下一个元素所在数组对应的下标）。

有几个特殊的结点：

首先是下标为0的结点中不包含有意义的数据，它的cur存储的是备用链表（即没有存储的数据的那些结点）第一个结点的下标。

最后就是链表的最后一个元素（并不一定是数组的最后一个元素），链表最后一个元素的cur一般存放-1，表示它后面的结点为空了。

1.创建结点

typedef struct StaticLinkedNode{
	char data;

	int next;
} *NodePtr;

typedef struct StaticLinkedList{
	NodePtr nodes;
	int* used;
} *ListPtr;

2.创建链表

ListPtr initLinkedList(){
	
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedList));

	
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);

	
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;

	
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	int i; 
	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i ++){
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}

	return tempPtr;
}

3.打印链表

void printList(ListPtr paraListPtr){
	int p = 0;
	while (p != -1) {
		printf("%c", paraListPtr->nodes[p].data);
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}// Of while
	printf("\r\n");
}

4.插入结点

ListPtr initLinkedList(){
	
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedList));

	
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);

	
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;

	
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	int i; 
	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i ++){
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}

	return tempPtr;
}

5.删除结点

void deleteElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar){
	int p, q;
	p = 0;
	while ((paraListPtr->nodes[p].next != -1) && (paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].data != paraChar)){
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}

	if (paraListPtr->nodes[p].next == -1) {
		printf("Cannot delete %c\r\n", paraChar);
		return;
	}

	q = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].next;
	
	
	paraListPtr->used[q] = 0;
}

6.测试

void appendInsertDeleteTest(){

	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);


	insertElement(tempList, 'a', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'p', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'p', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 4);
	printList(tempList);


	printf("Deleting 'e'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	printf("Deleting 'a'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	
	printf("Deleting 'p'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	insertElement(tempList, 'x', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}

7.总程序和运行结果

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

#define DEFAULT_SIZE 5

typedef struct StaticLinkedNode{
	char data;

	int next;
} *NodePtr;

typedef struct StaticLinkedList{
	NodePtr nodes;
	int* used;
} *ListPtr;


ListPtr initLinkedList(){
	
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedList));

	
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);

	
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;

	
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	int i; 
	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i ++){
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}

	return tempPtr;
}


void printList(ListPtr paraListPtr){
	int p = 0;
	while (p != -1) {
		printf("%c", paraListPtr->nodes[p].data);
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}// Of while
	printf("\r\n");
}// Of printList


void insertElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar, int paraPosition){
	int p, q, i;

	p = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < paraPosition; i ++) {
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
		if (p == -1) {
			printf("The position %d is beyond the scope of the list.\r\n", paraPosition);
			return;
		}
	} 

	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i ++){
		if (paraListPtr->used[i] == 0){
		
			printf("Space at %d allocated.\r\n", i);
			paraListPtr->used[i] = 1;
			q = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (i == DEFAULT_SIZE){
		printf("No space.\r\n");
		return;
	}

	paraListPtr->nodes[q].data = paraChar;


	printf("linking\r\n");
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].next = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = q;
}


void deleteElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar){
	int p, q;
	p = 0;
	while ((paraListPtr->nodes[p].next != -1) && (paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].data != paraChar)){
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}

	if (paraListPtr->nodes[p].next == -1) {
		printf("Cannot delete %c\r\n", paraChar);
		return;
	}

	q = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].next;
	
	
	paraListPtr->used[q] = 0;
}

void appendInsertDeleteTest(){

	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);


	insertElement(tempList, 'a', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'p', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'p', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 4);
	printList(tempList);


	printf("Deleting 'e'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	printf("Deleting 'a'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	
	printf("Deleting 'p'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	insertElement(tempList, 'x', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}

void main(){
	appendInsertDeleteTest();
}