node.js —— express中的next( )
关于next主要从三点来进行说明:
- next的作用是什么?
- 我们应该在何时使用next?
- next的内部实现机制是什么?
Next的作用
什么时候使用Next呢?
app.get('/a', function(req, res, next) {
res.send('sucess');
next();
});
// catch 404 and forward to error handler
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
console.log(404);
var err = new Error('Not Found');
err.status = 404;
next(err);
});
app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {
res.status(err.status || 500);
res.render('error', {
message: err.message,
error: {}
});
});
发送请求"/a",控制台打印日志如下:
404
GET /a 500 6.837 ms - -
Error: Can't set headers after they are sent.
at ServerResponse.OutgoingMessage.setHeader (_http_outgoing.js:345:11)
Next的内部机制
function next(err) {
... //此处源码省略
// find next matching layer
var layer;
var match;
var route;
while (match !== true && idx < stack.length) {
layer = stack[idx++];
match = matchLayer(layer, path);
route = layer.route;
if (typeof match !== 'boolean') {
// hold on to layerError
layerError = layerError || match;
}
if (match !== true) {
continue;
}
... //此处源码省略
}
... //此处源码省略
// this should be done for the layer
if (err) {
layer.handle_error(err, req, res, next);
} else {
layer.handle_request(req, res, next);
}
}
function next(err) {
if (err && err === 'route') {
return done();
}
var layer = stack[idx++];
if (!layer) {
return done(err);
}
if (layer.method && layer.method !== method) {
return next(err);
}
if (err) {
layer.handle_error(err, req, res, next);
} else {
layer.handle_request(req, res, next);
}
}
Layer.prototype.handle_error = function handle_error(error, req, res, next) {
var fn = this.handle;
if (fn.length !== 4) {
// not a standard error handler
return next(error);
}
try {
fn(error, req, res, next);
} catch (err) {
next(err);
}
};