实验环境
- 公司要求将闲置的一台Linx主机配置为DHCP服务器，以便为局域网内员工的办公用机提供自动分配IP地址服务，提高网络管理和维护的效率。
需求描述
- DHCP 服务器的主机名为dhepsvr . bdqn. com, IP 地址为192. 168.4.131/24
[root@localhost ~]# hostname dhcpsvr.bdqn.com
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
[root@dhcpsvr ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.4.131 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.4.255
inet6 fe80::c82c:91a2:5cab:6917 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5f:8b:6b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 20166 bytes 27431520 (26.1 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3299 bytes 235649 (230.1 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 256 bytes 22272 (21.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 256 bytes 22272 (21.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:e6:0b:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
- 给局域网内各主机自动分配的IP地址范围为192.168. 4.20~192.168.4.200
[root@dhcpsvr ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
[root@dhcpsvr ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/dhcp-4.2.5-82.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
警告：/mnt/Packages/dhcp-4.2.5-82.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:dhcp-12:4.2.5-82.el7.centos ################################# [100%]
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.4.20 192.168.4.200;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.4.2,192.168.4.3;
option domain-name "dhcpsvr.bdqn.com";
option routers 192.168.4.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.4.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
- 局域网内各主机使 用的默认网关地址为192.168.4 1.
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.4.20 192.168.4.200;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.4.2,192.168.4.3;
option domain-name "dhcpsvr.bdqn.com";
option routers 192.168.4.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.4.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
- 局域网内各 主机使用的DNS服务器地址分别为192 .168.4 .2和192 168 4.3. DNS服务器的主机名分别为ns1 . bdan. com和ns2.bdqn . com
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.4.20 192.168.4.200;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.4.2,192.168.4.3;
option domain-name "dhcpsvr.bdqn.com";
option routers 192.168.4.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.4.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
[root@dhcpsvr ~]#
- 网络打印机设备(可在网络内另找一 台Windows 主机.执行icontigai 命令查知其MAC地址)的主机名称为ptsr要求自动分配固定P地址为192 168.4.9
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start dhcpd
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.4.20 192.168.4.200;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.4.2,192.168.4.3;
option domain-name "ns1.bdqn.com";
option routers 192.168.4.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.4.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
host prtsvr {
hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:D1:B4:C4;
fixed-address 192.168.4.9;
}
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"/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf" 24L, 500C
网络打印机查看ip
