RabbitMQ：整合Spring Boot

​​pom.xml​​：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.2</version>
    </parent>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <groupId>com.kaven</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>springboot</name>
    <description>springboot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

​​application.properties​​：

spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.1.9
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=admin
spring.rabbitmq.virtualHost=/
spring.rabbitmq.exchange=""
spring.rabbitmq.routingKey=kaven
spring.rabbitmq.queue=kaven

​​RabbitMQProperties​​​类（​​RabbitMQ​​的参数类）：

package com.kaven.springboot.rabbitmq;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.rabbitmq")
@Setter
@Getter
public class RabbitMQProperties {

    private String host;
    private int port;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String exchange;
    private String queue;
    private String routingKey;
    private String virtualHost;
}

​​RabbitMQConfig​​​类（定义​​RabbitMQ​​组件的配置类）：

package com.kaven.springboot.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    @Resource
    private RabbitMQProperties properties;

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(properties.getHost(), properties.getPort());
        connectionFactory.setUsername(properties.getUsername());
        connectionFactory.setPassword(properties.getPassword());
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(properties.getVirtualHost());
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    //必须是prototype类型
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        return new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange exchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(properties.getExchange());
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        //队列持久
        return new Queue(properties.getQueue(), true);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue()).to(exchange()).with(properties.getRoutingKey());
    }
}

​​Producer​​类（用于发布消息）：

package com.kaven.springboot.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.UUID;

@Component
public class Producer {

    private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Resource
    private RabbitMQProperties properties;

    @Autowired
    public Producer(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate) {
        this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
    }

    public void sendMsg(String msg) {
        CorrelationData correlationId = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(properties.getExchange(), properties.getRoutingKey(), msg, correlationId);
    }
}

​​Consumer​​类（用于消费消息）：

package com.kaven.springboot.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Consumer {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {"${spring.rabbitmq.queue}"})
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("接收消息： " + msg);
    }
}

​​ProducerController​​类（用于发布消息的接口）：

package com.kaven.springboot.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
public class ProducerController {

    @Resource
    private Producer producer;

    @GetMapping("/send")
    public String send(String msg) {
        producer.sendMsg(msg);
        return "发送消息成功";
    }
}

启动类：

package com.kaven.springboot;

import com.kaven.springboot.rabbitmq.RabbitMQProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@ConfigurationPropertiesScan(basePackageClasses = {RabbitMQProperties.class})
public class SpringbootApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(SpringbootApplication.class);
        application.run(args);
    }
}

启动应用，可见​​Spring Boot​​​在尝试连接​​RabbitMQ​​，并且建立了连接。

从​​RabbitMQ​​​的管理界面也可以看到这个连接（​​connectionFactory#7da10b5b:0​​）。

使用的交换机也存在。

队列也创建好了。

绑定也创建好了。

请求接口。

​​RabbitMQ​​​管理界面的​​Message rates​​也有反应。

​​RabbitMQ​​​整合​​Spring Boot​​就介绍到这里，如果博主有说错的地方或者大家有不同的见解，欢迎大家评论补充。