pxe安装centos系统
一 环境基本配置
1.关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld2.selinux设置#
将selinux设置为disabled
3.网卡设置静态IP
#修改网卡配置文件，配置固定IP地址；
4.配置yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ && mkdir backup && mv *repo backup/
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
sed -i -e "s|mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com|mirrors.aliyun.com|g " /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
sed -i -e "s|releasever|releasever-stream|g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
yum clean all && yum makecache二 安装软件依赖
#安装依赖包
yum -y install dhcp-server tftp-server httpd syslinux-nonlinux#服务开机自启
systemctl enable --now httpd tftp dhcpd三 配置DHCP服务
#注意事项：IP地址网段与主机网段一致，否则服务无法启动
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.160.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.160.150 192.168.160.200;
option routers 192.168.160.137;
option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76, 114.114.114.114;
next-server 192.168.160.137;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}四 pxe安装源配置
#创建镜像目录
mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/{7,8}/os/x86_64/#挂载镜像
mount CentOS-8.3.2011-x86_64-dvd1.iso /mnt/
mount CentOS-7.6-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso /mnt/#进入挂载目录，将镜像中内容拷贝到创建目录下
cp -a * /var/www/html/Centos/8/os/x86_64/
cp -a * /var/www/html/Centos/7/os/x86_64/#网页访问
http://192.168.160.137/centos/
Index of /centos
[ICO] Name Last modified Size Description
[PARENTDIR] Parent Directory -
[DIR] 7/ 2022-06-18 18:10 -
[DIR] 8/ 2022-06-18 18:10 -五 安装应答文件
#创建应答文件放置目录
mkdir /var/www/html/ks/#将centos8系统root目录下的anaconda-ks.cfg文件拷贝到目录下，并编辑；
cp anaconda-ks.cfg /var/www/html/ks/centos8.cfg#centos8应答文件
#version=RHEL8
# Use graphical install
#graphical
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
#repo --name="AppStream" --baseurl=http://192.168.160.137/centos8/os/x86_64/AppStream
%packages
@^graphical-server-environment
@container-management
@debugging
@development
@dotnet-core
@file-server
@ftp-server
@graphical-admin-tools
@guest-agents
@headless-management
@infiniband
@legacy-unix
@mail-server
@network-file-system-client
@network-server
@performance
@remote-desktop-clients
@remote-system-management
@rpm-development-tools
@scientific
@security-tools
@smart-card
@smb-server
@system-tools
@virtualization-client
@virtualization-hypervisor
@virtualization-tools
@web-server
kexec-tools
%end
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --ipv6=auto --activate
network --hostname=localhost.localdomain
#bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# Use CDROM installation media
url --url="http://192.168.160.137/centos/8/os/x86_64/"
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part pv.116 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=80895
volgroup cl --pesize=4096 pv.116
logvol / --fstype="xfs" --size=78811 --name=root --vgname=cl
logvol swap --fstype="swap" --size=2077 --name=swap --vgname=cl
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$2mrQBYDbWkM9Caex$LlFHoivTRlkYLy1O8x/g8pcr.mjPBTqRpcjRyofW5x6A/.S5evuWvD6koXKe3KlVUBG8LaxTIsjsh976L5c26.
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end
reboot#找一台centos7系统，将anaconda-ks.cfg文件拷贝到目录下，并编辑；
#centos7应答文件
#version=DEVEL
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
url --url=http://192.168.160.137/centos/7/os/x86_64/
# Use graphical install
graphical
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --ipv6=auto --activate
network --hostname=localhost.localdomain
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$IKmH6BAC5VbuhO5H$0Tgrknd8lTUZbVoaZl2W3nD04VkgMKGEE16LtgwgGeQaJrFjMYE.QCjcUkbiigMcdCHZgOcq6VMvYfG4HALTJ0
# System services
services --enabled="chronyd"
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
# X Window System configuration information
xconfig --startxonboot
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part pv.157 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=80895
volgroup centos --pesize=4096 pv.157
logvol swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048 --name=swap --vgname=centos
logvol / --fstype="xfs" --size=78840 --name=root --vgname=centos
%packages
@^graphical-server-environment
@backup-server
@base
@compat-libraries
@core
@desktop-debugging
@development
@dial-up
@dns-server
@file-server
@fonts
@ftp-server
@gnome-desktop
@guest-agents
@guest-desktop-agents
@ha
@hardware-monitoring
@identity-management-server
@infiniband
@input-methods
@internet-browser
@java-platform
@kde-desktop
@large-systems
@load-balancer
@mail-server
@mainframe-access
@mariadb
@multimedia
@network-file-system-client
@performance
@print-client
@print-server
@remote-system-management
@resilient-storage
@security-tools
@smart-card
@system-admin-tools
@virtualization-client
@virtualization-hypervisor
@virtualization-tools
@x11
chrony
kexec-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end#修改应答文件权限；
chmod 644 *
[root@localhost ks]# ls -lh
total 8.0K
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2.3K Jun 18 18:53 centos7.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2.0K Jun 19 12:14 centos8.cfg六 pxe启动文件
#创建启动目录
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos{7,8}拷贝centos7启动文件
cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7#拷贝centos8启动文件
cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos8#拷贝文件到tftpboot目录下
cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/#以下三个文件是centos8安装所必须文件，centos6，7则不需要
cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/{ldlinux.c32,libcom32.c32,libutil.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/#生成安装菜单文件
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default#查看目录结构
[root@localhost ks]# tree /var/lib/tftpboot/
/var/lib/tftpboot/
├── centos7
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── centos8
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── ldlinux.c32
├── libcom32.c32
├── libutil.c32
├── menu.c32
├── pxelinux.0
└── pxelinux.cfg
└── default
3 directories, 10 files七.启动菜单文件
[root@localhost ks]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
timeout 600
menu title Install CentOS Linux
label linux8
menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^8
kernel centos8/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos8/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.160.137/ks/centos8.cfg
#label linux7
#menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^7
#kernel centos7/vmlinuz
#append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.160.137/ks/centos7.cfg
label manual
menu label ^Manual Install CentOS Linux 8.0
kernel centos8/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos8/initrd.img
inst.repo=http://192.168.160.137/centos/8/os/x86_64/
label rescue
menu label ^Rescue a CentOS Linux system 8
kernel centos8/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos8/initrd.img
inst.repo=http://192.168.160.137/centos/8/os/x86_64/ rescue
#label local
#menu default
#menu label Boot from ^local drive
#localboot 0xffff八 启动机器测试pxe安装
#我的环境在vmvare环境下，只需要安装centos8，所以将centos7部分注释掉了；
- centos7/8自动应答文件中，磁盘分区大小已经写好，创建机器磁盘大小与文件中一致；
- centos8的cfg文件，网卡选项一定要做安装源前面，要不然安装会显示 error setting up base repository