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常用容器部署

1 Nginx部署

(1)搜索并下载镜像

[root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker search nginx NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED nginx Official build of Nginx. 14207 [OK] jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con… 1932 [OK] richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of… 797 [OK] linuxserver/nginx An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS… 137 jc21/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho… 123 tiangolo/nginx-rtmp Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp… 107 [OK] [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker pull nginx Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx 6ec7b7d162b2: Already exists cb420a90068e: Pull complete 2766c0bf2b07: Pull complete e05167b6a99d: Pull complete 70ac9d795e79: Pull complete Digest: sha256:4cf620a5c81390ee209398ecc18e5fb9dd0f5155cd82adcbae532fec94006fb9 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest docker.io/library/nginx:latest [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker images; REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql 5.7 f07dfa83b528 5 days ago 448MB nginx latest ae2feff98a0c 11 days ago 133MB centos latest 300e315adb2f 2 weeks ago 209MB

可以到dockerhub官网查看Nginx的详细版本信息 :​​https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx​​

(2)运行测试

docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 3334:80 nginx

-d 后台运行 --name 给容器命名 -p 3334:80 将宿主机的端口3334映射到该容器的80端口

运行结果:

[root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker exec -it nginx01 /bin/bash Error: No such container: nginx01 [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 3334:80 nginx 20c896637ff5de8be835797109d62ee2465e28d9d716be5a8d550ef7d547fcf5 [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 20c896637ff5 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 7 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp nginx01

(3)配置文件

进入容器,自定义配置文件

[root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker exec -it nginx01 /bin/bash root@20c896637ff5:/# whereis nginx nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx root@20c896637ff5:/# cd /etc/nginx root@20c896637ff5:/etc/nginx# ls conf.d fastcgi_params koi-utf koi-win mime.types modules nginx.conf scgi_params uwsgi_params win-utf root@20c896637ff5:/# cd /etc/nginx root@20c896637ff5:/etc/nginx# ls conf.d fastcgi_params koi-utf koi-win mime.types modules nginx.conf scgi_params uwsgi_params win-utf

(4)访问测试

本地主机访问测试,curl命令发起请求,如果使用阿里云服务器需要设置安全组。

[root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 20c896637ff5 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes 0.0.0.0:3334->80/tcp nginx01 [root@iZwz99sm8v95sckz8bd2c4Z ~]# curl localhost:3334

Welcome to nginx!

If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.


For online documentation and support please refer to ​​nginx.org​​.
Commercial support is available at ​​nginx.com​​.


Thank you for using nginx.


</body></html>

(5)安装vim

我们使用Nginx往往需要编写配置文件,但是Nginx官方镜像没有安装vim,需要我们手动进行安装。使用以下命令进行安装:

apt-get install vim

如果执行上述命令出现提示:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package vim

则需要先同步 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中列出的源的索引,这样才能获取到最新的软件包。执行以下命令来更新:

apt-get update

更新完毕再安装即可。我们修改了配置文件,只要重新启动容器docker restart 容器id,改动就可以生效了。

解决vim在终端不能复制的问题:在vim 中输入 :set mouse=r。

拓展:启动项目并设置数据卷,为避免nginx因为修改配置文件导致的错误而无法启动容器,我们可以通过cp命令覆盖配置文件,但是设置数据卷会更为方便。启动Nginx容器的同时设置数据卷的命令:

docker run --name my_nginx -d -p 80:80-v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /data/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx -v /data/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

参数说明:

第一个-v:挂载nginx的主配置文件,以方便在宿主机上直接修改容器的配置文件 第二个-v:挂载容器内nginx的日志,容器运行起来之后,可以直接在宿主机的这个目录中查看nginx日志 第三个-v:挂载静态页面目录

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