LeetCode（剑指 Offer）- 17. 打印从1到最大的n位数

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题目大意：略

解题思路：略

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AC 代码

// 解决方案(1)
class Solution {
    public int[] printNumbers(int n) {
        int len = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            len = len * 10 + 9;
        }

        int[] arr = new int[len];
        for (int i = 1; i <= len; i++) {
            arr[i - 1] = i;
        }

        return arr;
    }
}

// 解决方案(2)
class Solution {
    StringBuilder res;
    int count = 0, n;
    char[] num, loop = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
    public String printNumbers(int n) {
        this.n = n;
        res = new StringBuilder(); // 数字字符串集
        num = new char[n]; // 定义长度为 n 的字符列表
        dfs(0); // 开启全排列递归
        res.deleteCharAt(res.length() - 1); // 删除最后多余的逗号
        return res.toString(); // 转化为字符串并返回
    }
    void dfs(int x) {
        if(x == n) { // 终止条件：已固定完所有位
            res.append(String.valueOf(num) + ","); // 拼接 num 并添加至 res 尾部，使用逗号隔开
            return;
        }
        for(char i : loop) { // 遍历 ‘0‘ - ’9‘
            num[x] = i; // 固定第 x 位为 i
            dfs(x + 1); // 开启固定第 x + 1 位
        }
    }
}
输入：n = 1
输出："0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9"

输入：n = 2
输出："00,01,02,...,10,11,12,...,97,98,99"

输入：n = 3
输出："000,001,002,...,100,101,102,...,997,998,999"

// 去除前置 0
class Solution {
    StringBuilder res;
    int nine = 0, count = 0, start, n;
    char[] num, loop = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
    public String printNumbers(int n) {
        this.n = n;
        res = new StringBuilder();
        num = new char[n];
        start = n - 1;
        dfs(0);
        res.deleteCharAt(res.length() - 1);
        return res.toString();
    }
    void dfs(int x) {
        if(x == n) {
            String s = String.valueOf(num).substring(start);
            if(!s.equals("0")) res.append(s + ",");
            if(n - start == nine) start--;
            return;
        }
        for(char i : loop) {
            if(i == '9') nine++;
            num[x] = i;
            dfs(x + 1);
        }
        nine--;
    }
}

// 整型化（最终版）
class Solution {
    int[] res;
    int nine = 0, count = 0, start, n;
    char[] num, loop = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
    public int[] printNumbers(int n) {
        this.n = n;
        res = new int[(int)Math.pow(10, n) - 1];
        num = new char[n];
        start = n - 1;
        dfs(0);
        return res;
    }
    void dfs(int x) {
        if(x == n) {
            String s = String.valueOf(num).substring(start);
            if(!s.equals("0")) res[count++] = Integer.parseInt(s);
            if(n - start == nine) start--;
            return;
        }
        for(char i : loop) {
            if(i == '9') nine++;
            num[x] = i;
            dfs(x + 1);
        }
        nine--;
    }
}