为什么要这样做？
环境说明
Docker二进制方式安装和buildx插件安装
1. 二进制方式安装docker并配置
# 二进制方式安装docker并配置
#下载二进制离线压缩包
wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.12.tgz
#解压文件
tar -zxvf docker-20.10.12.tgz
chmod +x docker/*
#将二进制文件拷贝到/usr/bin/
cp docker/* /usr/bin/
#注册到系统服务
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
#指定docker存储目录/TRS/APP/docker/lib
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --graph /APP/docker/
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
asksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#重载
mkdir -p /APP/docker/lib
systemctl daemon-reload
#启动服务并加入开机启动
systemctl enable docker --now
#检查
systemctl status docker
# 配置
mkdir -p /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"experimental": true,
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
},
"storage-driver": "overlay2",
"storage-opts": [
"overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
]
}
EOF2. 安装docker-buildx插件
# 创建目录
mkdir -p ~/.docker/cli-plugins/
# 下载插件并改名
wget -c https://github.com/docker/buildx/releases/download/v0.9.1/buildx-v0.9.1.linux-amd64
mv buildx-v0.9.1.linux-amd64 docker-buildx
chmod +x docker-buildx
mv docker-buildx ~/.docker/cli-plugins/
# 检查验证
docker buildx version
docker buildx ls注册可支持的架构解释器
docker run --rm \
> --privileged \
> multiarch/qemu-user-static:register \
> --reset
ls /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/ 
cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-mips64el
cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-aarch64
cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-ppc64le
启动arm架构的容器
1. 下载qemu-aarch64-static
GitHub - multiarch/qemu-user-static: :earth_africa: `/usr/bin/qemu-*-static`
wget -c https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-aarch64-static
# 其他架构
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-arm-static
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-mips-static
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-mips64-static
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-mipsel-static
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-ppc64-static
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-s390x-static
https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-x86_64-static
chmod +x qemu-aarch64-static简单测试
# 进运行一条命令查看架构
docker run -t --rm --platform arm64 -v `pwd`/qemu-aarch64-static:/usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static alpine uname -m
docker run -i --rm --platform arm64 -v `pwd`/qemu-aarch64-static:/usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static debian:11 uname -m
# 创建一个容器并开启一个终端
docker run -it --rm --platform arm64 -v `pwd`/qemu-aarch64-static:/usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static debian:11 /bin/bash
同理，启动ppc64le架构的镜像如下：
wget -c https://github.com/multiarch/qemu-user-static/releases/download/v7.2.0-1/qemu-ppc64le-static
chmod +x qemu-ppc64le-static
# 简单测试
docker run -t \
--rm \
--platform ppc64le \
-v $(pwd)/qemu-ppc64le-static:/usr/bin/qemu-ppc64le-static \
alpine \
uname -m
以上测试了两种非x86架构的镜像，均可以正常运行，其他架构的类似，这里就不再赘述。
龙芯架构这里，做特别说明
loongarch 架构的支持
1. 注册解释器
wget https://gitee.com/michael0066/qemu-loongarch64-static/blob/master/qemu-loongarch64-static
chmod +x qemu-loongarch64-static# 注册
echo ":qemu-loongarch64:M::\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x02\x01:\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xfe\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff:/usr/bin/qemu-loongarch64-static:" > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register
# 查看
ls /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/ |grep loonqemu-loongarch642. 简单测试
docker run --rm \
--platform loongarch64 -t \
-v `pwd`/qemu-loongarch64-static:/usr/bin/qemu-loongarch64-static \
loongsongd/debian10_loongarch64_x64:e15.0 \
uname -m参考资料：
x86 架构运行 其他架构镜像 - 简书
https://hub.docker.com/r/loongsongd/debian10_loongarch64_x64
构建arm镜像
以构建arm64镜像为例来说明如何构建其他平台架构的镜像。
1. 编写Dockerfile
FROM centos:7.9.2009
COPY ./qemu-aarch64-static /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static
RUN yum install -y net-tools gcc gcc-c++ make vim && \
yum clean all
2. 构建镜像
docker build \
--platform arm64 \
-t centos_make:7.9_aarch64 .
3. 检查验证
docker inspect centos_make:7.9_aarch64 | grep -i 'architecture'
另一种方式：
docker build --rm -t "arm64v8/redis_new" -<<EOF
FROM multiarch/qemu-user-static:x86_64-aarch64 as qemu
FROM arm64v8/redis
COPY --from=qemu /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /usr/bin
EOF
docker run --rm -t "arm64v8/redis_new" uname -m
#aarch64
这里没有使用buildx插件来构建其他架构的镜像，提供了另外一种构建其他架构镜像的思路和方法，但在云原生一般场景下构建多架构的docker镜像还是推荐使用docker buildx方式，效率更高。