Git 服务器 Gitosis 架设指南-CFANZ编程社区

Git是非常著名的分布式版本控制系统。
Gitosis则是方便通过Git与ssh架设中央服务器的软件。这篇文章的安装流程写得很明了，但使用中还是遇到了些许问题，本文算是该流程的补充。如果打算通过Gitosis架设服务器通过本文或许可以少走不少弯路。

一、架设步骤

1. 下载并安装python setuptools

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools

2. 下载并安装gitosis

cd ~/src
git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git
cd gitosis
python setup.py install

3. 添加用户git

sudo adduser \
    --system \
    --shell /bin/sh \
    --gecos 'git version control' \
    --group \
    --disabled-password \
    --home /home/git \
    git

4. 生成本机密钥

切换到个人机，如果已有~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub略过此步
ssh-keygen -t rsa

5. 上传密钥到服务器临时目录

scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 用户名@主机:/tmp

6. 初使化gitosis

切回到服务器
sudo -H -u git gitosis-init < /tmp/id_rsa.pub

7. 修改post-update权限

sudo chmod 755 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update

8. clone gitosis管理平台

git clone git@主机名:gitosis-admin.git
cd gitosis-admin

9. 安装完成

通过修改gitosis-admin管理gitosis用户权限
添加公密到keydir，添加用户
修改完后commit，push到中服务器即可完成仓库权限的相关操作。

二、实例

目标：添加用户 john 和仓库 foo 到gitosis，并和管理员miao合作管理

1. 用户john添加并发送id_rsa.pub给miao

john:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/home/john/.ssh/id_rsa):

Created directory '/home/john/.ssh'.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

john:~$ cp /home/john/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /tmp

2. gitosis管理员miao分配john权限

miao:~$ cd ~/projects git clone git@192.168.1.115:gitosis-admin cd gitosis-admin cat gitosis.conf

[gitosis]

[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110

ls keydir/ miao@u32-192-168-1-110.pub cp /tmp/id_rsa.pub keydir/john.pub vi gitosis.conf

[gitosis]

[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110

[group foo]
writable = foo
members = miao@u32-192-168-1-110 john

git add . git commit -am "add member john and project foo" git push

3. 用户 miao 添加项目foo

miao:~$ cd ~/projects mkdir foo cd foo git init touch hello.txt git add hello.txt git commit -am 'first commit' git remote add origin git@192.168.1.115:foo.git git push origin master

4. 用户 john clone Foo并修改hello.txt

john:~$ git clone git@192.168.1.115:foo.git cd foo ls date > hello.txt git commit -am 'add time to hello.txt' && git push

5. 用户 miao pull Foo

miao:~/projects/foo$ vi .git/config

[core]
  repositoryformatversion = 0
  filemode = true
  bare = false
  logallrefupdates = true
[remote "origin"]
  url = git@192.168.1.115:foo.git
  fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
[branch "master"]
  remote = origin
  merge = refs/heads/master

git pull