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Spring Security - Spring Security表单认证

默认表单认证

创建一个包configuration用于存放一些通用配置

创建类WebSecurityConfig继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

添加@EnableWebSecurity注解,使其被spring发现注册

WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter类对configure(HTTPSecurity http)的定义

//使用默认配置(HttpSecurity)。如果子类化,则可能会重写子类configure(HttpSecurity)
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
this.logger.debug("Using default configure(HttpSecurity). If subclassed this will potentially override subclass configure(HttpSecurity).");
((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((AuthorizedUrl)http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest()).authenticated().and()).formLogin().and()).httpBasic();
}

可以看出WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter已经默认声明了一些安全特性

  • .anyRequest()验证所有请求

  • .formLogin()允许用户使用表单登录进行身份验证(Spring Security 默认自带一个简单的登录验证页面)

  • .httpBasic()允许用户使用HTTP基本认证

重新启动项目

访问http://localhost:8080/hi

自动跳转到默认表单登录页http://localhost:8080/login

输入用户名密码

跳回原来访问地址

自定义表单登录页

使用自己定义的表单登录页

重写configure方法

@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/myLogin.html")
// 使登录页面不设限访问
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf().disable();

}
}

HttpSecurity被设计为链式调用,在执行每一个方法后,都会返回一个预期的上下文,便于连续调用。

重启项目

访问http://localhost:8080/hi

路径跳转http://localhost:8080/myLogin.html(自定义的登录页面地址)

编写自定义页面代码

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">

<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
<div class="title">
<span>密码登录</span>
</div>

<div class="title-msg">
<span>请输入登录账户和密码</span>
</div>

<form class="login-form" action="/myLogin.html" method="post" novalidate>
<!--输入框-->
<div class="input-content">
<!--autoFocus-->
<div>
<input type="text" autocomplete="off"
placeholder="用户名" name="username" required/>

</div>

<div style="margin-top: 16px">
<input type="password"
autocomplete="off" placeholder="登录密码" name="password" required maxlength="32"/>

</div>
</div>

<!--登入按钮-->
<div style="text-align: center">
<button type="submit" class="enter-btn">登录</button>
</div>

<div class="foor">
<div class="left"><span>忘记密码 ?</span></div>

<div class="right"><span>注册账户</span></div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
<style>
body {
background: #353f42;
}

* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}

.main {
margin: 0 auto;
padding-left: 25px;
padding-right: 25px;
padding-top: 15px;
width: 350px;
height: 350px;
background: #FFFFFF;
/*以下css用于让登录表单垂直居中在界面,可删除*/
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
margin-top: -175px;
margin-left: -175px;
}

.title {
width: 100%;
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
}

.title span {
font-size: 18px;
color: #353f42;
}

.title-msg {
width: 100%;
height: 64px;
line-height: 64px;
}

.title:hover {
cursor: default;
}

.title-msg:hover {
cursor: default;
}

.title-msg span {
font-size: 12px;
color: #707472;
}

.input-content {
width: 100%;
height: 120px;
}

.input-content input {
width: 330px;
height: 40px;
border: 1px solid #dad9d6;
background: #ffffff;
padding-left: 10px;
padding-right: 10px;
}

.enter-btn {
width: 350px;
height: 40px;
color: #fff;
background: #0bc5de;
line-height: 40px;
text-align: center;
border: 0px;
}

.foor {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
color: #9b9c98;
font-size: 12px;
margin-top: 20px;
}

.enter-btn:hover {
cursor: pointer;
background: #1db5c9;
}

.foor div:hover {
cursor: pointer;
color: #484847;
font-weight: 600;
}

.left {
float: left;
}

.right {
float: right;
}
</style>
</html>

通过from表单POST方式,提交usernamepassword/myLogin.html

将该页面放置在resources/static/下,重启项目

访问http://localhost:8080/hi

跳转到以下页面

输入自定义的用户名密码

跳转成功,返回之前访问页面http://localhost:8080/hi

loginProcessingUrl自定义登录请求URL

默认处理登录请求的URL/login

我们可以通过配置去修改这个URL

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/myLogin.html")
// 指定处理登录请求的路径,修改请求的路径,默认为/login
.loginProcessingUrl("/mylogin")
// 使登录页面不设限访问
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf().disable();​
}

同时form表单请求的action属性需要同步修改为/mylogin

在前后分离的项目中,当登录请求发送成功后,一般会由后端返回一串JSON报文,前端根据返回报文,判断是否登录成功,之后跳转到哪个页面。

SpringSecurity通过配置同样可以实现

  • successHandler()

    • 处理登录成功后的逻辑

    • Authentication携带用户名以及角色等信息

  • failureHandler()

    • 处理登录失败后的逻辑

    • AuthenticationException携带异常信息

 @Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/myLogin.html")
// 指定处理登录请求的路径,修改请求的路径,默认为/login
.loginProcessingUrl("/mylogin")
// 登录成功后处理逻辑
.successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
out.write("{\n" +
" \"error_code\": 0,\n" +
" \"message\": \"欢迎登录\"\n" +
"}");
}
})
// 登录失败后处理逻辑
.failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
httpServletResponse.setStatus(401);
PrintWriter out = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
out.write("{\n" +
" \"error_code\": 401,\n" +
" \"message\": \"请求失败,"+ e.getMessage() +"\"\n" +
"}");
}
})
// 使登录页面不设限访问
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf().disable();

}

以上通过自定义表单实现了Spring Security的表单认证功能。但是实际开发中用户名和密码都是来自于数据库,并且用户还包含角色等信息。

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