一、什么是 REST？

二、RESTful Web Services

三、创建 RESTful

{
   "user1" : {
      "name" : "mahesh",
      "password" : "password1",
      "profession" : "teacher",
      "id": 1
   },
   "user2" : {
      "name" : "suresh",
      "password" : "password2",
      "profession" : "librarian",
      "id": 2
   },
   "user3" : {
      "name" : "ramesh",
      "password" : "password3",
      "profession" : "clerk",
      "id": 3
   }
}

3.1获取用户列表

 // 创建 RESTful API listUsers，用于读取用户的信息列表， server.js 文件代码如下所示：
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var fs = require("fs");

app.get('/listUsers', function (req, res) {
   fs.readFile( __dirname + "/" + "users.json", 'utf8', function (err, data) {
       console.log( data );
       res.end( data );
   });
})

var server = app.listen(8081, function () {

  var host = server.address().address
  var port = server.address().port

  console.log("应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s", host, port)
})

// 在浏览器中访问 http://127.0.0.1:8081/listUsers，结果如下所示：
{
   "user1" : {
      "name" : "mahesh",
      "password" : "password1",
      "profession" : "teacher",
      "id": 1
   },
   "user2" : {
      "name" : "suresh",
      "password" : "password2",
      "profession" : "librarian",
      "id": 2
   },
   "user3" : {
      "name" : "ramesh",
      "password" : "password3",
      "profession" : "clerk",
      "id": 3
   }
}

3.2 添加用户

// 创建 RESTful API addUser， 用于添加新的用户数据，server.js 文件代码如下所示：
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var fs = require("fs");

//添加的新用户数据
var user = {
   "user4" : {
      "name" : "mohit",
      "password" : "password4",
      "profession" : "teacher",
      "id": 4
   }
}

app.get('/addUser', function (req, res) {
   // 读取已存在的数据
   fs.readFile( __dirname + "/" + "users.json", 'utf8', function (err, data) {
       data = JSON.parse( data );
       data["user4"] = user["user4"];
       console.log( data );
       res.end( JSON.stringify(data));
   });
})

var server = app.listen(8081, function () {

  var host = server.address().address
  var port = server.address().port
  console.log("应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s", host, port)

})

// 在浏览器中访问 http://127.0.0.1:8081/addUser，结果如下所示：

{ user1:
   { name: 'mahesh',
     password: 'password1',
     profession: 'teacher',
     id: 1 },
  user2:
   { name: 'suresh',
     password: 'password2',
     profession: 'librarian',
     id: 2 },
  user3:
   { name: 'ramesh',
     password: 'password3',
     profession: 'clerk',
     id: 3 },
  user4:
   { name: 'mohit',
     password: 'password4',
     profession: 'teacher',
     id: 4 } 
}

3.3 显示用户详情

// 创建 RESTful API :id（用户id）， 用于读取指定用户的详细信息，server.js 文件代码如下所示：
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var fs = require("fs");

app.get('/:id', function (req, res) {
   // 首先我们读取已存在的用户
   fs.readFile( __dirname + "/" + "users.json", 'utf8', function (err, data) {
       data = JSON.parse( data );
       var user = data["user" + req.params.id] 
       console.log( user );
       res.end( JSON.stringify(user));
   });
})

var server = app.listen(8081, function () {

  var host = server.address().address
  var port = server.address().port
  console.log("应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s", host, port)

})

在浏览器中访问 http://127.0.0.1:8081/2，结果如下所示：

{
   "name":"suresh",
   "password":"password2",
   "profession":"librarian",
   "id":2
}

3.4 删除用户

// 创建 RESTful API deleteUser， 用于删除指定用户的详细信息，以下实例中，
// 用户 id 为 2，server.js 文件代码如下所示：
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var fs = require("fs");

var id = 2;

app.get('/deleteUser', function (req, res) {

   // First read existing users.
   fs.readFile( __dirname + "/" + "users.json", 'utf8', function (err, data) {
       data = JSON.parse( data );
       delete data["user" + id];
       
       console.log( data );
       res.end( JSON.stringify(data));
   });
})

var server = app.listen(8081, function () {

  var host = server.address().address
  var port = server.address().port
  console.log("应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s", host, port)

})

// 在浏览器中访问 http://127.0.0.1:8081/deleteUser，结果如下所示：

{ user1:
   { name: 'mahesh',
     password: 'password1',
     profession: 'teacher',
     id: 1 },
  user3:
   { name: 'ramesh',
     password: 'password3',
     profession: 'clerk',
     id: 3 } 
}