Android更新apk升级时出现FileUriExposedException: xxx.apk exposed beyond app through Intent.getData()的解决方法

1、获取包信息

PackageInfo packageInfo = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), 0);

2、发送包名和版本号，检测是否有更新

String  versionUrl = webUrl + "?package=" + packageInfo.packageName + "&version=" + packageInfo.versionCode;

URL url = new URL(versionUrl);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);
int responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == 200) {
    InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
    byte[] b = new byte[1024];
    int len = 0;
    ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    while ((len = inputStream.read(b)) > -1) {
        byteArrayOutputStream.write(b, 0, len);
    }
    String result = byteArrayOutputStream.toString();
    JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(result);
    if (jsonObject.has("data") && jsonObject.get("data") instanceof JSONObject) {
        versionJsonObject = jsonObject.getJSONObject("data");
        int newVersionCode = versionJsonObject.getInt("version");
        if (newVersionCode > packageInfo.versionCode) {
            //显示更新提示
        }
    }
}
3、显示更新对话框，检测文件保存权限,下载apk
Dialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
        .setCancelable(false)
        .setTitle("是否更新版本？")
        .setMessage(info)
        .setPositiveButton("确认",
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    //检测文件保存权限
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
                            String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
                            //验证是否许可权限
                            for (String str : permissions) {
                                if (checkSelfPermission(str) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                                    //申请权限
                                    requestPermissions(permissions, 101);
                                    return;
                                }
                            }
                            downFile();
                        }else{
                            downFile();
                        }
                    }
                })
        .setNegativeButton("下次再说",
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
                                        int whichButton) {
                        dialog.cancel();
                    }
                }).create();
dialog.show();
4、保存权限回调，下载apk
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case 101: {
            if (grantResults != null && grantResults.length > 0
                    && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 权限被用户同意，可以做你要做的事情了。
                downFile();
            } else {
                // 权限被用户拒绝了，可以提示用户,关闭界面等等。
            }
            return;
        }
    }
}
5、下载apk
URL url = new URL(apkUrl);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.connect();
InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "a.apk");

if (inputStream != null) {
    fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
    byte[] b = new byte[1024];
    int len = 0;
    while ((len = inputStream.read(b)) > -1) {
        fileOutputStream.write(b, 0, len);
    }
}
fileOutputStream.flush();
if (fileOutputStream != null) {
    fileOutputStream.close();
}
6、安装apk,8.0以上系统设置安装未知来源权限

boolean haveInstallPermission;
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
    //先判断是否有安装未知来源应用的权限
    haveInstallPermission = getPackageManager().canRequestPackageInstalls();
    if(!haveInstallPermission){
       //弹框提示用户手动打开
toInstallPermissionSettingIntent();

}
}
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private void toInstallPermissionSettingIntent() {
    Uri packageURI = Uri.parse("package:"+getPackageName());
    Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES,packageURI);
    startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && requestCode == 1) {
        installApk();
    }
}
7、安装apk
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
    intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
    Uri contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "包名.fileprovider", mFile);
    intent.setDataAndType(contentUri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
} else {
    intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(mFile), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
}
startActivity(intent);
8、安装未知来源权限
AndroidManifest.xml 里添加
<provider
      AS3.6.1中会提示无法引用android.support.v4包      
      android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
      改为
    android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
    android:authorities="包名.fileprovider"
    android:grantUriPermissions="true"
    android:exported="false">
    <meta-data
        android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
        android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>
res里新建xml文件夹，里新建file_paths.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths>
    <external-path path="Android/data/包名/" name="files_root" />
    <external-path path="." name="external_storage_root" />
</paths>